Evolution

Where do humans come from?

People often tell each other that our ancestors are ancient apes.

According to science: humans descended from ancient apes. There are three basic types that humans have evolved into:

Homo habilis

Homo erectus

Homo sapiens

According to Buddhism: When the monkey dies, the monkey's karma will reincarnate as a human. From "Ancient" people, they lived simply, relying on nature. Nature changes, so humans are forced to evolve gradually to protect their lives.

According to Christianity, God created all things in the world from heaven and earth to man. God fashioned a man from the dust of the earth in His own image, the image of a man named Adam. He then took Adam's rib to form a woman and named it Eve.

What are the stages of human evolution?

Human evolution has undergone four main stages: fossil hominins, fossil hominins (archaic humans), archaic humans, and modern humans. The evolutionary process of humans tells us about the evolutionary process, the history of morphological development of the genus Homo (Homo). Humans have adopted multidisciplinary linkages such as anthropology, primatology, archaeology, linguistics, and genetics to study human evolution.

How did human evolution take place?

Today, science has been constantly collecting information and evidence about the evolutionary process of mankind. Then analyze the characteristics that appear in the evolutionary stages.

The primates

An important feature of the primate order is that it is arboreal and depends on its habitat conditions. Their limbs have evolved to grasp, grab, instead of claws, move on their forelimbs, reduce their sense of smell, but focus on sight and hearing and perfect touch. These sensory changes have made their brains large, so they can always observe and take care of their offspring.

Most Primates were plant-eaters, and probably early hominids were too. But there is also fossil evidence that at least in the Pliocene, some humans switched to omnivores.

Australopithecus

The characteristic of the ape-man is walking on two legs but stooping, with a brain volume of about 450-750cm3. Living on land with upright posture and bipedal walking as well as changes due to the arboreal lifestyle has led to a dramatic change in evolution.

Walking on two legs helps to free the front limbs from the function of movement and use them for something else. By foraging, apes used plants as the main food source, with very little impact on the environment.

Homo habilis

The skull size reaches 600-850cm3. Hands are used to hold, craft, and use the crafted tool. Thanks to this feature, they move quickly in their habitat and find more prey. The tools used are still controversial.

During evolution, the human body gradually formed excretory glands to release water vapor from the skin (also known as sweating). In addition, this group of people still live under the shade of big trees, gathering fruits, seeds, and roots, tubers as an important food.

In this period, the main economic form of people was hunting and gathering. Hunt small animals such as insects, worms, snails, salamanders, and sometimes even bird eggs. Live in groups, about a few dozen individuals or more, but not yet social. Know how to use the thorns of the tree, make some tools from bones, teeth, horns, from stone. Often hides under leafy branches to rest and watch over grasslands or nearby puddles. The sounds and smells are accurately recorded. They note the behavior of other animals, perceive the seasons, and their knowledge accumulates. Thanks to good observation, they can hunt well, so the food is meatier – contributing significantly to the brain-boosting activity.

In life, there was gradually a primitive division of labor such as male individuals going far away to hunt, female individuals, staying at home to give birth and raise children. Complicated relationships gradually require the development of communicative language. Begin to acclimate to cultivation. Increased impact on the environment.

Homo sapiens

The typical H. Erectus people seem to have disappeared between 200,000 and 150,000 years ago, giving way to modern humans. Social, instrumental, and cultural life: this group lives in small groups of 30-50 individuals. Different groups try to avoid collisions, owning their own territory thanks to the large land. Between groups with languages ​​to communicate with each other, primitive "tribes" began to form. They often hunt and have food reserves. The manufacture of stone tools is done with many different types such as hunting, dissecting prey, or processing food. Wood is used more for making tools. At this time, the process of urbanization begins, creating the phenomenon of overpopulation, industry diversity, and social division. In short, this group of people is still taking food from nature and expanding the food source. Increase farming capacity in the form of agricultural development. Expansion of residence formed tribes with different languages began to have beliefs and had burial ceremonies for the dead. It shows that they have initially had a spiritual and cultural life.

Homo Sapiens

The last Neanderthal specimen found in Palestine dates to 45,000 years ago, and modern humans emerged and were replaced between 40,000-35,000 years ago. The first metals discovered and used by man were copper, tin, and iron. This was followed by Neolithic population growth and migration. Livestock production developed with donkeys, horses, and thousands of cattle on the steppes, forming the nomadic lifestyle of the livestock tribes. There is iron possession. Humans know how to make metal tools that can be used to support deforestation for agriculture. This form is still popular today. On their tools (dating to about 20,000 years ago) were signs of aesthetic artistry as well as mystery and tradition. Cultivation and animal husbandry have been around for about 10,000 years. From this point on, human civilization also developed and perfected at an increasingly rapid rate.

In short, when civilization was formed, people had the ability to control the environment, the ability to use resources to produce other resources (started 10,000 years ago), began to affect the environment. school. Followed by civilization and urbanization (6,000 years ago), humans began to degrade the environment.

The evolutionary process of living things leads to straight walking creatures (with corresponding structures from this requirement) having developed brains and thinking activities. Experiencing different stages of evolution, human history is still debated about the stages of human evolutionary development. The only human species present in the entire world is Homo sapiens sapiens - the wise man. Although skin color, facial expressions, and shapes are different, they are all the same species. Man is first and foremost an organism and life is a way of existence with special properties of matter under certain conditions of the biosphere. In the process of emergence, development, and evolution, life is always closely related to the environment in which it exists. There is no life in the environment and there is no life in the environment that it is not suitable for. Humans have special characteristics in terms of structure, function, and relationship with the environment, and the living environment of humans also contains many characteristics, different from any other organism.

The decisive cause of human evolution

The factors affecting human evolution are biological factors and social factors.

Biological factors affecting human evolution include genetic variation and natural selection. These changes are the result of the accumulation of mutations and combinations of mutations under the influence of natural selection (changes in the Earth's crust, volcanic activity, earthquakes, increased radiation background, etc.), changing continents, etc.).

Society is developing day by day, the products available in nature are limited, but people are more and more prolific. Therefore, in order to be able to adapt to the environment, people have to work in production, improve their circumstances, improve working tools, and develop productive forces.

Moreover, human beings have the ability to adapt to a variety of ecological conditions, independent of natural conditions and geographical isolation. Therefore, biologically humans will not change into another species, but human society is still constantly evolving and evolving.

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